Probabilidade através da utilização do Jogo “corrida de cavalos”: uma proposta para o 8º ano do ensino fundamental

Abstract

The study of probability is considered of paramount importance for the formation of the individual, given that it should arouse enthusiasm and help in improving the students' critical sense so that they are able to participate actively in the social environment in which they are inserted. However, it was only in the National Curricular Parameters (PCN) of 1997 that there was a recommendation to work with probability in Elementary Education in Brazilian Education. As of 2017, there is the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), which succeeds the PCN and emphasizes the relevance of working on this content during this teaching stage. The present work aims to carry out a study about the teaching of probability to support the elaboration of a didactic proposal, to promote the maturation of probabilistic notions and to stimulate the improvement of the logical reasoning of students in the 8th year of Elementary School. The methodology adopted is a qualitative approach and was carried out through research: bibliographical, on the internet, and applied, in which it was possible to analyze what is proposed by the BNCC and consult authors such as Coutinho (1994), Rotunno (2007), Lopes (2008) and Dante (2018), among others to compose the theoretical foundation of this work. In addition to mapping the state of knowledge about probability in academic and scientific production in Brazil from 1987 to 2022. Thus, based on this investigation, it was possible to elaborate a teaching proposal, which consists of a didactic sequence that uses the game "Horse race" in the introduction of the subject of probability for the teaching of mathematics. In conclusion, it is expected that this research can contribute to the teaching and student community in teaching this contente in Elementary School