Políticas de educação para o trabalho de mulheres e as ações do Programa Mulher e Ciência no Brasil: dos espaços domésticos aos acadêmicos

Abstract

ABSTRACT The study is situated in the discussions regarding women and professional education, scientific education, and technology education, considering that scientific training contributes to women's work in areas beyond those that are culturally and socially naturalized as female labor. The research has as a general objective to analyze the education and work policies for women in Brazil, observing their historical trajectory and the implementation of the Woman and Science Program, proposing reflections on the actions of the Program aimed at increasing the participation of women in scientific professional careers and technological. And as specific objectives: historicize the participation of women in education, work, science and their insertion in the Brazilian social organization; discuss the National Plans of Policies for Women (PNPM), instituted in Brazil in the first two decades of the 21st century, focusing on initiatives aimed at education, work, and science; and reflect on the Women and Science Program, identifying its actions for the insertion of women in academic and scientific areas in the country, placing Brazilian women in these areas in the period from 2005 to 2019. The perspective thought is the historical-critical one, seeking to understand the social and cultural transformations experienced in Brazilian society, observing the participation of women in professional education, in the world of work, and academic and scientific spaces in Brazil. An exploratory study was carried out, which uses bibliographic research and document search, considering written, institutional, and official sources, using the internet as the research site. The actions of the Women and Science Program were discussed, with special attention to those related to the second objective, such as the so-called “Girls and Young Women Doing Exact Sciences, Engineering and Computer Science”, the “Pioneers of Science” project, and the “Young Women Researchers – Science too it's a woman thing!”. It was possible to observe that the actions brought contributions, such as greater visibility to women who occupied/occupy academic and scientific areas, and their multiplier effect, stimulating the development of other actions that began with the Program. The data presented about the participation of women show that progress is still small, and there is still a long way to go, however, only “Girls and Young Women Doing Exact Sciences, Engineering and Computer Science” remains active. It is concluded that, although the innovative proposal of the PMC is a milestone in education and work policies for women, these actions have limitations, requiring the expansion of actions of this type, especially in the social and political context experienced in the country Keywords: Professional Education and Woman; Woman and Science; Policies for Women; Woman and Science Program.