Proposta de ensino sobre óptica geométrica: usando quadros táteis para cegos

Abstract

The teaching proposal is aimed at high school physics teachers who have blind students in their classes. The goal is to propose a didactic sequence that will serve as a basis for the teacher to systematize the contents of Geometric Optics. To achieve this goal, tactile pictures were prepared to provide sensory and memory experiences for the students. In addition, Vygotsky's sociointeractionist approach is used to promote the development of teaching and learning. These boards are divided into five themes: the occurrence of vision, rays and beams of light, optical media, principles of geometric optics, and visual angle. To assemble the boards, we chose low-cost materials. These boards have dimensions that facilitate handling and demand little effort in their locomotion. The materials have different textures, rough or smooth. As for thickness, they can be thin or thick. These characteristics make these materials excellent tactile stimulators. The exhibition of these paintings in the classroom can be divided into two previous steps: in the first, the teacher will give a description of the paintings, informing the materials used and how they are organized so that the student can build the scenario; in the second, the teacher gives the student the experience of handling the paintings, which will contribute to familiarization with the material used. The third step will take place during the class in which the teacher will make the material available in a sequential manner so that the student can follow the class as the content advances. It is expected that with the use of tactile boards in the classroom it will be possible to build knowledge, thus promoting an inclusive education.