Abordagem histórica no ensino das Leis de Newton no ensino médio: uma análise de livros didáticos

Abstract

This monograph presents reflections about the historical approach of Newton's Laws to the teaching of Physics in High School. The study was carried out by means of a bibliographic study about this content, based on the analysis of textbooks adopted in the State Schools in the region of Rio Grande do Norte called Borborema Potiguar Microregion. Its purpose is to present the positives of this didactic strategy, showing physics in a humanized way and the analysis of how this historical approach is used in two textbooks used by high school students. Thus, students' resistance to physics was a considered point to show how this science can be apprehended and learned by them. We emphasize that the literature consulted suggests new ways of teaching necessary to enable students to get involved with this discipline. Thus, we share, in this work, the understanding that the historical trajectory of this science with emphasis on the ideas of Newton are ways to improve the teaching of Physics taking as an approach the history of its theoretical formulations. We do a study on this form of teaching showing the evolution of thought on the movement of bodies that comes from the philosophy of the ancient Greeks until arriving at the scientific method. We believe that textbooks bring elements for reflection on the historical approach, although in a timid way, so we defend from the studies carried out that this practice can awaken in the students a greater interest in the discipline for its great discoveries and relevance for humanity. Keywords: Historical Approach. Newton’s Laws. School Textbooks.