Planejamento de obras com foco na prevenção de acidentes: aplicação da ferramenta APR (Análise Preliminar de Riscos) associada com a NR-18

Abstract

The construction industry plays a significant role in Brazil's economic and social development, contributing to job creation, infrastructure expansion, and urban growth. However, the sector continues to rank among those with the highest incidence of occupational accidents, particularly due to the execution of activities involving a high level of risk. In this context, the implementation of preventive tools is essential for reducing workplace accidents and promoting safer working environments. Preliminary Risk Analysis constitutes an important methodology for the identification, assessment, and control of occupational hazards, enabling the anticipation of potentially dangerous situations. When combined with the guidelines established by Regulatory Standard nº 18, which defines the working conditions and work environment requirements for the construction industry, it represents a strategic instrument for ensuring safer construction practices. This study aims to analyze the application of the PRA tool in construction project planning, examining its contribution to accident prevention and compliance with the requirements of NR-18. The adopted methodology consists of bibliographic and documentary research, as well as a case study focused on the preventive measures required for the execution of the Foundation and Structural phases of a building belonging to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Risk matrices were developed for the project's critical activities, identifying their respective risk levels, hazards, potential consequences, and preventive measures. The results demonstrate that the systematic application of these tools enables the prior identification of unsafe conditions, reduces the likelihood of occupational accidents, and supports decision-making throughout the project's execution planning.