História e memória da ETFRN (1968-1998) e a gestão da professora Luzia Vieira de França

Abstract

The Federal Technical School of Rio Grande do Norte (ETFRN), from 1968 to 1998, stood out as a reference in the institutional development of Professional Education in Rio Grande do Norte and in Brazil. Within this context, teacher Luzia Vieira de França worked for 21 years at the School, including six years of management. Director Luzia's management in the construction of ETFRN's history and the institution's democratic processes was investigated. The general objective was to explore the academic and professional biography of teacher Luzia Vieira de França, while the specific objectives addressed the transformation of ETFRN's institutionality, the relationship between the process of political redemocratization, combined with the participation of the school community in choosing the management, and the analysis of the manager's contributions to institutional development. To understand the historiographical perspective, the research used reflections present in the works of Magalhães (2005), Chartier (1990), Sandano, Lombardi, Saviani and Nascimento (2021). In the context of Cultural History, the contributions of Pesavento (2005), Rioux and Sirinelli (1998), and Burke (2005) were used. With regard to issues related to gender, the research was based on the readings of Bourdieu (2012, 2014), Perrot (2005, 2007), Soihet (2013), Pedro (2013), and Scott (1995, 2005, 2012) . Regarding the concepts of memory and history, the research was based on the works of Pollak (1989), Bosi (1994), Halbwachs (1990), Le Goff (1990), and Bloch (2001). The methodology adopted included documentary analysis of physical materials in the General Archive of IFRN - Campus Natal Central and digital materials in the Digital Hemeroteca of the National Library, with a survey of photographs, school documents and periodicals. In the iconographic analysis, the research was anchored in the concepts developed by Ciavatta (2002, 2015, 2023), Kossoy (2012), Napolitano (2008), and Susan Sontag (1981). Regarding the analysis of periodicals and the use of files, the works of Luca (2005), Leite (2015), Zicman (2012), Aróstegui (2006), and Barros (2005) were used. In the context of democratization processes, they were based on the works of Fausto (2022), Trindade (2010), and Werneck Vianna (1986). Interviews were carried out with former ETFRN directors and employees, with transcriptions and analyzes based on theories by Foucault (1979; 1992; 1999; 2008), Bardin (2016) and Bakhtin (2006), among others. The analysis is both quantitative and qualitative, divided into three thematic categories: ETFRN, gender and management. Luzia Vieira de França marked the history of the institution, which is now post-centenary, by becoming the first woman to occupy the top management position after 21 administrations led by men. However, she was succeeded by another man, and since then the institution has had eight more managers, under different names of CEFET and IFRN. In view of this, it stands out that only a single female administration was effectively implemented, which occurred through the first democratic electoral process, with the participation of student voters and institutional employees in the 1980s. This analysis highlights the persistence current gender imbalances and the urgency of promoting inclusion policies to offer women significant opportunities for contribution and leadership in the educational sphere.