Diagnóstico ambiental de propriedades rurais: um estudo na comunidade Malhada, município do Crato - CE

Abstract

Coexistence with the Brazilian Semiarid region demands the guarantee and permanence of people in rural activities with dignity. Thus, small rural properties become the protagonists of the scenario for the development of family farming, based on sustainable development. However, it is necessary to see that the traditional agricultural system is still predominant. The objective for this study was then defined as the environmental diagnosis of four rural properties in the Malhada community, in Crato – CE. The methodology involved literature review; photographic records, and field observations. Data were obtained from field research with application of interviews having as a sample the four representatives of family properties. The results identified that the practices and actions adopted in rural family farming activities contribute to the contamination of surface and underground waters, and to the decrease in the productive capacity of soils, with regard to the use of chemical inputs. It was found that the conduct of farmers regarding the purchase, handling and application of agrochemicals, as well as the final destination of packaging and solid waste in general is a failure. Domestic sewage is released into the ground in a precarious way and susceptible to contamination. Surface water reservoirs such as the Rio Carás and dams were identified to help during the dry season. It is concluded that the diagnostic data revealed the need for a fundamental environmental planning to guide strategies to minimize the effects of degradation of the local ecosystem on the behavior and anthropic interferences, in the perspective of the human-nature relationship.