Potencialidades para a implantação da coleta seletiva com inclusão socioprodutiva de catadores de materiais reutilizáveis e recicláveis em Parnamirim/RN

Abstract

The problem of solid waste has gained notoriety due to the high generation and associated socio-environmental and economic problems. The proper management of this waste is a challenge for Brazilian municipalities, which still have a deficit in collection and correct disposal. Recycling, encouraged by reverse logistics and recycling credit, can contribute to proper management, while reinserting waste into the production cycle and generating social, environmental and economic gains. However, few municipalities have selective collection. Therefore, this research aims to identify the potential to support the implementation of selective collection with the socioproductive inclusion of collectors of reusable and recyclable materials in Parnamirim/RN. To this end, the case study method was used and documentary, bibliographical and field research was carried out, with the aim of understanding and describing aspects favorable to the implementation of municipal selective collection, referring to the management of solid waste, the local recyclable material sales market and the performance of autonomous and collectively organized recyclable material collectors. The results indicate that Parnamirim/RN has opportune prerogatives for the institution of the selective collection service, such as the availability of a specific secretariat for the management of the urban cleaning service, the execution of differentiated collections and the existence of municipal regulations on the subject. It was found that the municipality has an average potential for generating recyclable materials of 20.2%, and the Santos Reis neighborhood has the greatest potential (27.1%). The field research involves 116 independent collectors and collectors working locally, 2 collectors' organizations and 13 purchasing units of recyclable materials, which denote the structuring of the local recycling production chain. Therefore, this study highlights information on axes that reinforce the discussion on the relevant role and inclusion of collectors in municipal selective collection systems and contribution to the public authorities for the planning and implementation of this service.