Descomissionamento de empreendimentos geradores de energia elétrica a partir de fonte solar: uma estimativa de volume de potência outorgada a ser descomissionada no RN

Abstract

The environmental impacts resulting from the burning of fossil fuels, as well as their production limitations and the high financial costs associated with the growing energy demand, drive the search for more ecological, ecological, and socially responsible alternatives. In this scenario, renewable energy sources have gained prominence in the world's energy matrices, with emphasis on the growing share of solar and wind energy. In the comes years, the rapid expansion of the photovoltaic industry based on tax incentives, without a public policy of environmental education and management of solid waste, mainly electronic equipment, will turn into a large amount of accidentally discarded waste, generating public health and the environment. Considering a useful life expectancy of 25 years for undertakings generating electricity from solar sources in the State of RN, two scenarios were outlined to stipulate the volume of outsourced electrical power to be decommissioned in the periods from 2039 to 2047 and from 2039 to 2047. 2048 to 2051. Perspectives indicate that by the year 2047, approximately 367 MW of granted power will be decommissioned. Other results indicate that between the years 2048 and 2051, the volumes of the power of energy granted from energy generation projects, from a solar source to be deactivated, may exceed the 7 GW mark. In this way, the recycling of photovoltaic modules has been presented as an alternative to mitigate risks, since each decommissioned Watt-peak (Wp) will generate 0.058 kg of solid waste, generated in approximately 58 tons (t) per Megawatt (MW) decommissioned, with emphasis on glasses made of glass (40.60 t), aluminum (10.44 t) and copper (1.16 t) and estimated revenue generation potential of US$ 35,412.64 per MW to be decommissioned.