Produção de biogás a partir de resíduos alimentares descartados no refeitório do campus Canguaretama -IFRN para ser utilizado como fonte de energias renováveis

Abstract

The project consists of building a low-cost homemade biodigester using recycled materials to produce biogas from organic food waste from the Canguaretama – IFRN campus cafeteria. Biogas is a mixture of fuel gases, where methane gas (CH4) stands out, which has great applicability in its burning as a source of renewable energy, being obtained by biodigestion of organic waste through anaerobic fermentation. Biodigestion is an efficient technique in the treatment and recovery of organic waste that is discarded, aiming at both its energy reuse and the reduction of solid waste generation, which is another aggravating factor in environmental pollution. Among the possible uses of the biogas produced in the biodigester, it can be highlighted its use in replacing cooking gas, butane gas (C4H10), as well as for the production of mechanical and electrical energy. The first stage of the work consisted of collecting bibliographic data on the topic addressed. Next, the biodigester was built, and the food waste discarded in the cafeteria of the Canguaretama campus - IFRN was deposited, after raising awareness among students of the morning courses on the campus, on the theme of the correct disposal of solid waste. Furthermore, monitoring of the functioning of the biodigester in the production of biogas was carried out, which did not continue because a violation occurred in the biodigester system by third parties, which made it impossible to produce biogas. Finally, in addition to raising awareness among students in the morning courses on campus, a fully functional prototype was obtained with possible future improvements, in addition to the suggestion of implementing the collection of discarded food waste from the campus cafeteria.