Medição e monitoramento em agroecossistemas familiares de cultivo de manga irrigada e sequeiro sob a ótica do MESMIS

Abstract

Family farming is associated with family values, characterized by farmers who work mainly with their families and live on small farms, struggle to survive, face adverse conditions to integrate and compete in distorted markets, and are still victims of deficiencies produced by neglect and negligence in rural development. It is in this model of agriculture that a lifestyle based on beliefs and traditions about life and work is reflected, as well as being one of the most discussed topics currently within the conceptual field of sustainability. In the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), the agricultural potential lies mainly in fruit growing, a branch in which several fruit crops, such as mango, stand out. Currently, mango cultivation is also developed in agroecosystems whose management is characterized by family participation, including with family farmers. Thus, it was defined as objective for this research to establish the parameters to evaluate, measure and monitor sustainability indicators from the critical points; follow the evolution or innovation of the studied agroecosystems, where the product generated by the evaluation is the set of indicators based on the method called the Framework for Evaluation of Natural Resource Management Systems Incorporating Sustainability Indicators (MESMIS), which were built along the study. In order to meet the stated objective, a field study was conducted with a sample of four family agroecosystems that cultivate irrigated mango and mango under rainfed regime in two communities of Seridó region, located in the rural areas of Acari and Cruzeta in RN. . The data were obtained from field observations, so that the answers, considerations and comments made by family farmers were widely used to go through the four steps of the MESMIS evaluation cycle, thus identifying, within the economic, environmental and environmental dimensions. nineteen indicators that seek to reflect the real state of sustainability of the studied agroecosystems. The results obtained through measurement and monitoring in step four of the agroecosystems show that the average data obtained from irrigated mango agriculture can be evidenced by the analysis of the best performance of agroecosystems in the economic, environmental and social dimensions, presenting a situation close to the regular condition. in its indicators when compared to when compared under the rainfed regime.