Identificação de manifestações patológicas em residências financiadas pelo Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida na cidade de Extremoz do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte: estudo de caso

Abstract

The present study aims to identify and analyze pathological manifestations in three residential buildings financed by the "Minha Casa Minha Vida" Program (PMCMV) in the municipality of Extremoz, Rio Grande do Norte, with over ten years of occupancy. The methodology consisted of systematic visual inspections supported by checklists, photographic records, and structured interviews with residents to survey the buildings' history. The results revealed the recurrent presence of pathologies in sealing systems (cracks and fissures), coating and painting (stains, wear, and bubbles), as well as critical moisture issues (infiltrations and mold stains) and occasional anomalies in electrical installations. It was found that all analyzed units presented defects within the first five years of use, suggesting the occurrence of construction defects originating during the execution phase. The main identified causes refer to the absence or deficiency of waterproofing, technical execution failures, the use of low-quality materials, the absence of secondary structural elements (lintels and sill beams) in openings, and the lack of preventive maintenance by users. The pattern of occurrence was similar across the properties, with moisture predominantly affecting bedrooms and bathrooms. Despite the pathologies found, the residents' perception regarding the quality of the housing varied between fair and good. It is concluded that there is a pressing need to intensify quality control in the program's construction works and ensure strict compliance with current technical standards, aiming to guarantee the durability and habitability of social interest housing units.